Diseñar un sistema de transmisión electrónica de datos para las exportaciones en mercancías Fito y Zoosanitario de la Unión Aduanera Centroamericana

Abstract

The objective of this study was to design a conceptual model for an electronic data transmission system to help trade facilitation in exports of phytosanitary and zoosanitary goods from Honduras, taking into account international regulations. The research method is qualitative based on the triangulation type of data (research-action), having as primary sources the unstructured interviews to specialists, comprised in two thematic blocks that consisted of export processes and analysis of electronic data transmission systems, as well as secondary sources such as files and electronic sources. Subsequently, with the use of data and its analysis, a matrix was obtained as a result by the thematic blocks where the categorization of minimum requirements to achieve a successful solution to the study problem was achieved. Thanks to the approach of the problem with its background in the last two decades, it was concluded with the development and implementation of an electronic data transmission system (web services) for the National Service of Health and Food Safety (SENASA), which is the entity in charge in our country of regulating and authorizing exports of products and sub products of animal and vegetable origin, with which it can operate and exchange information in real time with the different institutions that work in the maritime, air and land borders of the country; In order to achieve more automated processes that reduce time and costs in the clearance of goods, gradually minimizing manual processes that require physical documentation for validations and inspections, thus contributing to improve transparency and reduce corruption. The added value in this research is to contribute to the homologation of customs procedures and processes that today lack information in real time through new information technologies; that contribute to administrative simplification by implementing more automated interactions of the different data flows between governmental and non-governmental institutions involved in international trade (Imports and Exports). This initiative of automation and harmonization of procedures is the basis for eliminating trade barriers in this type of transaction, thus directing initiatives and policies for trade facilitation in Central America, gradually incorporating the different strategies that allow the sustainable growth of this project. conceiving as a long-term objective a more precise coordination between the institutions and border personnel avoiding excessive requirements and documentation that the only thing that causes are long and cumbersome operations, before and during the crossing of goods between the borders of the countries.